NLE Nephrology, Respiratory & Musculoskeletal MCQs: Practice Questions With Explanations

Nephrology, Respiratory and Musculoskeletal are three subjects in HighYield's NLE question bank that don't yet have dedicated practice posts. Below is a sample set covering all three.

Nephrology

1. Heavy proteinuria (>3.5g/day), hypoalbuminaemia, oedema and hyperlipidaemia together define:

• A) Nephritic syndrome
• B) Nephrotic syndrome ✅
• C) Acute tubular necrosis
• D) Chronic kidney disease stage 5

2. Haematuria, hypertension, oliguria and red cell casts on urinalysis together point to:

• A) Nephrotic syndrome
• B) Nephritic syndrome ✅
• C) Pyelonephritis alone
• D) Renal artery stenosis

Respiratory

3. A long-time smoker with a barrel chest, pursed-lip breathing and a largely irreversible obstructive pattern on spirometry most likely has:

• A) Asthma
• B) COPD ✅
• C) Restrictive lung disease
• D) Pulmonary embolism

4. Sudden-onset unilateral pleuritic chest pain, absent breath sounds and a hyper-resonant hemithorax in a tall, thin young man suggests:

• A) Pneumonia
• B) Spontaneous pneumothorax ✅
• C) Pulmonary oedema
• D) Pleural effusion

5. Reversible airway obstruction that improves significantly after bronchodilator challenge is the hallmark of:

• A) COPD
• B) Bronchiectasis
• C) Asthma ✅
• D) Pulmonary fibrosis

Musculoskeletal

6. Symmetric small-joint polyarthritis with morning stiffness lasting over an hour, improving with activity, is classic for:

• A) Osteoarthritis
• B) Rheumatoid arthritis ✅
• C) Gout
• D) Septic arthritis

7. Joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest, with morning stiffness under 30 minutes, is typical of:

• A) Rheumatoid arthritis
• B) Osteoarthritis ✅
• C) Reactive arthritis
• D) Ankylosing spondylitis

8. Acute monoarticular joint pain with negatively birefringent, needle-shaped crystals on synovial fluid analysis confirms:

• A) Pseudogout
• B) Gout ✅
• C) Septic arthritis
• D) Rheumatoid arthritis

Prepare with HighYield

HighYield's NLE question bank covers all 27 subjects tested in the National Licensing Examination — Nephrology, Respiratory and Musculoskeletal included — with every question explained. New to the exam structure? Start with our NLE Syllabus breakdown.